Dom Pedro I was the first emperor of Brazil, who declared independence from Portugal in 1822. As a gifted musician, Pedro I is one of the few sovereigns who became known as a composer. In 1832, a performance of his Ouverture was organized in Paris, with some members of the audience convinced it had been composed by Rossini, while the Hino da Independência do Brasil ('Hymn to the Independence of Brazil') remains one of the country's most beloved national anthems. The Te Deum, which has an opera-like character, celebrated the baptism of Pedro's first son, and the joyful Credo is one of his most performed works.
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